POSIDONIUS: SEGREGATION OF SOIL TYPES BY ALBEDO AND
COLOR DATA
 
 
 
Authors:  P.G. Salimbeni, R.Lena , G. Santacana, M. Higashida, E. Douglass,  T. Legault.

Una  mappa geologica della regione di Posidonius è stata ottenuta mediante l'applicazione di alcune tecniche quali le stime di albedo, l'indice di colore e le  immagini CCD. Alcuni particolari rilievi sembrano essere attribuibili alla presenza di domi. Le conclusioni tratte sono in accordo con i dati ottenuti dal Lunar Orbiter IV.


 

  INTRODUCTION

This work is based on visual and  CCD  observations of the region including
Posidonius. Estimated albedo and color data were obtained by
Elger Scale. Mare Serenitatis (18°N, 21° E) was used as control standard area. Blink were performed by W80 , W44 (blue) and W 25 (red)  filters and approximate Index Color was obtained . Albedo variations have been very useful for mineralogic interpretations.

 

 
 

PG. Salimbeni (SC 200mm f/10 200x). Posidonius crater on 14 march 1997 at 18,40 UT, colongitude 338,5.  R corresponds to the darker and red soil. A-C area correspond to higher albedo.

 

PG. Salimbeni (5 december 1997 SC 200 mm f/10 200x  at 18,22 UT colongitude 334,4). Presence of the rilles.

VISUAL OBSERVATION

The floor of Posidonius is  red.  In blue light the crater Posidonius  appeares more dark than in red light. The albedo of central craters ( Posidonius A and Posidonius C) increased during the lunar phase. The soil on the south and north, north-west  shows a lower albedo (3° Elger Scale) than the central area (4° Elger Scale). Lena and Salimbeni recorded the presence of a red and dark area to the north and west of the crater. Bright spots are due to relatively recent impact craters which have exposed immature soils. These  craters and the internal walls show higher albedo  (average value 6,5 Elger, range 6-7 ). Furthermore with red filters Posidonius appears more bright than Mare Serenitatis. Small hills  on the east of Posidonius A and the presence of some narrow rilles have been recorded by visual observations . Only the west and east rilles were observed in good condition of seeing. The internal walls appear very degraded. These walls probably are  part of the ancient and destroyed crater in this area.
Several spots of higher albedo have been observed in the central area at W and NW of the small crater called Posidonius A. 


Some  features like domes or hills were recorded by visual observations. The probably domes more evident are located at  29,44° E -  32,21°N and 30,04 °E - 32,13°N respectively. These features  are difficult to observe and no features on  top have been seen. Santacana reported for the "dome" located at 29,44 E and 32,21 N a size of 13x5 Km. It results an  elongated feature.
 

R. Lena, (SC 250 mm f/10 250 x). Sketch on 22 genuary 1999
at 17,30 UT colongitude 336,5.
The presence of features like domes was recorded.

CCD IMAGES

The  CCD images confirmed the presence of 2 different  types of soil. The exposed material in Posidonius  is brighter than the surrounding material and ejecta  are formed. We interpret these data to mean that cratering event at Posidonius penetrated through the mare fill and exposed underlying upland material. Furthermore different soils  in Posidonius crater have been recorded by CCD images. These images show also the arcuate rilles on the floor.  The presence of several  features as domes was recorded, according to the visual observations.
 


 
CCD image performed by M. Higashida (Japan). Probably domes at east of Posidonius A

are also visibly.


 
CCD image performed by T. Legault (France). In this image are visible several probably domes or hills near Posidonius A.
Furthermore a fine network of rilles between Posidonius A and the east wall was recorded.

 The rille meanders along the edge of the crater floor.  It reaches a hole in the crater rim and vanishes into Mare Serenitatis. The rille, probably,  is also only the last stage of mare volcanism within this crater. It lies on top of an older, smooth mare unit which buries part of the crater floor and much of the western crater wall, as recorded by Lunar Orbiter IV.
 



 Images  acquired by the Lunar Orbiter IV (image IV-86-H3).
The frame is corresponding  to some  visual observations performed by GLR group.
 

 

FALSE  COLOR ELABORATIONS
 

False color elaboration has been very useful for our interpretations. Infact we have obtained a false color  map by amatorial CCD images.

In orange  is represented
the mare unit, in yellow is represented the fresh material and in black is represented the ancient mare soil.  The state of degradation of the rim is very representative of the story of Posidonius. Several lava flows covered much of the outer and inner elements of the crater. This results are in accordance to the data obtained by Lunar Orbiter IV.
 Posidonius, like Gassendi,  is a floor fractured craters. The lava that filled Posidonius covered over the central uplift and much of the terracing of the side walls, so that these age no longer seen.


 

False color image of Posidonius crater.